Articles in Category: Windows

desktop.ini

What Are Desktop.ini Files, and How Do I Get Rid of Them?

Invisible or not, they’ll be there.

A Windows 10 PC on a desk, with an accurate October 2025 calendar placed next to it.

Should You Sign Up for Extended Security Updates for Windows 10?

Microsoft is planning to offer extended security protection for Windows 10 Home and Pro users beyond its official end-of-support date.

An empty downloads folder.

My Downloaded Files are Missing. How Do I Get Them Back?

The Downloads folder isn’t meant for long-term storage. Here’s how to avoid losing files you downloaded and want to keep.

Recall

Should I Be Concerned About Microsoft’s Recall Feature?

Initial panic about the Microsoft Recall feature is overblown. If you’re worried about that, you’re worried about the wrong thing.

Task Manager, Performance, Memory display. (Screenshot: askleo.com)

How Do I Tell Which Program Is Using So Much Memory?

When Windows tells you it’s out of memory, what does it mean and what can you do about it?

A PC computer screen showing a memory usage graph. The graph depicts memory usage rising steadily from left to right, with the lines or bars shooting upwards dramatically as they reach the far right side of the screen. The graph is shown exploding out of the top on the right, with bits of data or visual elements breaking through the top boundary.

Why Programs Might Use All the Memory in Your Computer

Programs typically don’t use all available memory unless they need it or they have a problem.

Windows File Explorer open on TMP folder with many files and folders.

Why Are There So Many Temporary Files in Windows?

Temp files can pile up. Why is that, and do you need to worry about them?

Balance scale with Local and Microsoft at opposite ends.

Local Accounts Vs. Microsoft Accounts: Which Is Better?

Local and Microsoft accounts both have pros and cons. I’ll explain so you can decide which is right for you.

Recycle Bin

Does the Recycle Bin Take Up Space, and Where Is the Recycle Bin?

The Recycle Bin is your friend. I’ll show you where it lives and how to control the space it uses.

Files

Why Are There Duplicate Files on My Computer?

Duplicate files on your computer can happen for many reasons, most of which are legitimate. Think twice about deleting duplicate files.

A photorealistic image of a computer screen displaying multiple instances of Microsoft Visual C++ Redistributable installations in the 'Programs and Features' section of Windows. The background shows a cluttered desktop with typical developer tools, coding books, and a cup of coffee

Why Are There So Many Copies of the Visual C++ Runtime?

There are usually many copies of the Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime library on a Windows computer. Here’s why.

A computer technician in a busy computer repair shop, glancing over their shoulder with a suspicious expression. The laptop screen shows a progress bar for file transfer. The background includes tools and other computer tech equipment, emphasizing the repair setting.

Can I Tell If Someone Has Copied My Files?

For all practical purposes, it’s impossible to tell if someone has copied your files after the fact.

Windows Account Roles.

What’s the Difference Between an Administrator Account and a Limited User Account?

Windows includes three types of accounts: administrator-capable, limited user, and the (hidden) true administrator account.

A bright and photorealistic thumbnail showing a desktop computer screen. The desktop computer is modern and sleek, prominently positioned in the center of the image. The screen of the computer vividly displays Welcome to Windows with clear, legible textThe environment around the computer is minimal and professional, focusing the viewer's attention on the screen. The lighting is well-balanced, highlighting the details of Windows, and the overall image composition is designed to be eye-catching and engaging for viewers interested in learning about installing or setting up Windows.

Set Up Windows 11 With Only a Local Account

Setting up a Windows 11 machine without a Microsoft account is still possible, though it’s not obvious.

Windows 11 Account Type Selection

How Do I Go Back to a Local Account after Setting Up Windows 11 with a Microsoft Account?

In Windows 11, you may find you must now log in using a Microsoft account. I’ll show you two alternatives that will allow you to continue to use a local account.

A photorealistic image showing a computer screen with Windows File Explorer open. The default folders like Desktop, Documents, Downloads, Pictures, Music, and Videos are visible, but crossed out with an 'X'. The scene includes a relaxed office setting with a cup of coffee and a plant on the desk, and a person sitting at the desk, contentedly working on the computer.

Why I Avoid Windows’ Default Folders

I’ve avoided Windows’ default folder layout for years. With recent assumptions Microsoft has made on how those folders should be treated, I’m glad I don’t rely on them.

Windows 11

Should I Update to Windows 11?

Windows 11 is out to much fanfare, hype, and confusion. Unless you have specific reasons, you don’t need to upgrade yet, but there’s also no reason to avoid it.

Windows 11 Media Creation Tool

Is There a Windows 11 Installation Media Download?

It’s rare to get installation media with your machine any more. Fortunately, Windows 11 installation media can be download online.

Registry Editor

Why Doesn’t Microsoft Dump the Registry?

The registry is a database that is needed for the complex issues Windows tries to solve. With that complexity, though, comes the potential for error.

The End is Near!

The World Won’t End!

I reflect on the realization that Windows XP’s end-of-support date came and went and nothing happened, and the implications of that for Windows 10’s end of support.

An image representing the mixed reviews and removal of Microsoft's AI, CoPilot. Depicts a frustrated user trying to remove CoPilot from their Windows 11 or Edge browser. Shows a computer screen with the CoPilot icon and settings being adjusted to turn it off. Include visual elements of Windows settings, Edge browser settings, and a user navigating these menus with a look of frustration or determination.

How Do I Get Rid of Copilot?

Microsoft’s AI, CoPilot, has received mixed reviews. Here’s how best to get rid of it… for now.

Startup Repair

Using Startup Repair in Windows 10 and 11

Startup repair is a useful tool built into Windows setup media and recovery disks. I’ll walk through how to use it and what to do if it fails.

A Windows laptop screen with the 'S-mode'. The background shows a person looking frustrated, surrounded by various app icons that are grayed out or have 'restricted' signs.

What is S-Mode and How Do I Get Rid of It?

S-mode is an additional set of restrictions in Windows that is intended to protect you. Most people want it off.

UAC Setting

How Do I Turn Off UAC (User Account Control) in Windows?

User Access Control, or UAC, prompts you each time an application requires administrative access. Annoyance or feature?

A computer screen displaying a super-hero with the words 'Super Admin' across their chest. The superhero is wearing a modern, sleek superhero suit in a vibrant color, with a cape flowing behind. The superhero is depicted in a dynamic, heroic pose, symbolizing power and control.

How To Enable the Administrator Account in Windows

There’s a hidden account with complete administrative access. I’ll show you how to enable it and discuss why you shouldn’t use it very often, if at all.

A computer monitor displaying a vibrant Windows 11 wallpaper. In the center of the screen, there's a large, translucent mushroom cloud symbolizing a major system reset or 'nuclear option'.

It Was My Time to Reformat and Reinstall

The steps I took, the software I installed, and a few things I discovered as I reinstalled Windows 11 on my main machine.

Download Windows

Where Can I Download Windows 11? Or 10? Or 8?

You can download Windows 8.1, 10, and 11 from legitimate sources. If you have a legal retail product key, this can be your replacement media.

Tools in your toolbox.

Using the DISM Command Prompt Tool to Repair Windows

DISM is a tool included with Windows that can repair some types of Windows corruption.

Windows 11 with a large "UNDO" key over it.

How Do I Go Back to Windows 10 From Windows 11?

Yes, you can still go back to Windows 10 from Windows 11. It just may not be easy.

OOBE initial screen.

Set Up Windows Again With the Windows Out-of-Box Experience (OOBE)

Use the Windows 10 and 11 Out-of-Box Experience to reset a variety of items associated with initial computer setup.

Busy Windows

How Do I Reformat and Reinstall Windows 11?

To reformat and reinstall is considered the “nuclear option” when it comes to dealing with Windows problems (or just cleaning up).

It's a trap!

What Happens If You Delete System 32?

Apparently, there’s a prank or scam suggesting that people delete their System32 folder. Don’t do it. It’s a trap!

A realistic image of a traditional US speed limit sign, featuring the text "SPEED LIMIT 100%" prominently in the center. The sign has a white rectangular background with bold, black letters for the text, typical of US speed limit signs. This custom sign creatively adapts the standard design to convey the concept of reaching the maximum limit or capacity, in this case, represented by "100%". The design incorporates the familiar aspects of US road signage while introducing a unique and metaphorical twist.

100% Disk Usage in Windows: 12 Things to Try

100% disk usage can happen for many different reasons. I’ll review the most common and give you recommendations for each.

A bright, simple, photorealistic image representing the process of reinstalling Windows without having the necessary discs or downloads. The image should include a computer screen displaying an error message about missing installation files, alongside a desk cluttered with scattered software discs, some of them labeled as 'Windows' and 'Office', and papers containing activation codes and download instructions. The setting should convey a sense of frustration and confusion, highlighting the challenge of reinstalling software without the original media or downloads.

How Do I Reinstall Software Without Installation Discs or Download Files?

If you bought it, save it — even if it is just a downloaded installation .exe file and activation code.

A clean desktop, as it should be.

Does What’s on My Desktop Affect My Computer’s Speed?

A cluttered desktop doesn’t slow down your computer in and of itself, but could be a symptom of deeper problems.

An animated style image showcasing a humorous and exaggerated scene: a desktop computer is securely placed on a more prominent and detailed automotive hoist, which is well-defined and realistic within the animated context. Below the hoist, a cartoonish technician, dressed in colorful mechanic's attire, is comically inspecting the computer from underneath. The garage setting is vibrant and lively, filled with oversized, cartoon-like tools and car parts. The technician, displaying a humorous expression, uses an oversized wrench or tool to interact with the computer, emphasizing the playful nature of the scene. The background includes other whimsical elements typical of an animated mechanic's workshop.

How to Keep Windows Running Smoothly With Routine Maintenance

Much like an automobile, it can be useful to periodically look under the hood, clean things up, and make sure that all is as it should be.

Working on updates

How Do I Fix Windows Update?

Windows Update can get confused or stuck. I’ll review ways to fix Windows Update, including what I refer to as the nuclear option.

A photorealistic image of a balance scale. On one side of the scale is the Microsoft logo, symbolizing a Microsoft account. On the other side is a local user icon, representing a local account. The scale is evenly balanced, depicting the equilibrium and choice between using both types of accounts in a Windows environment. The background is neutral to emphasize the scale and the symbols.

What Does Signing in to My Microsoft Account Really Mean in Windows?

Let’s sort out some of the differences between logging in using your Microsoft account and logging in using a local account.

Windows 10

How Long Will Windows 10 Be Supported?

Estimates for how long Windows 10 will be supported have changed. The original expectations were unrealistic at best.

Recovery Drive in Search Results

How to Create a Windows Recovery Drive

A Windows Recovery Drive can be used to restore Windows backups to your machine and much more. I’ll show you how to create one.

A conceptual image on a light background, in a wide 16:9 format, depicting the process of transferring data during a clean Windows installation. The left side shows a computer with a new, glowing Windows installation. On the right, various data transfer methods are displayed: an external hard drive, cloud service icons (OneDrive, Dropbox, Google Drive), and an image of a backup disk. These elements are linked with stylized arrows or lines, indicating the transfer of data and applications to the new Windows system. The style is modern and digital with a focus on clarity, simplicity, and the seamless transition of data, all set against a light, clean background.

How Do I Transfer Data After a Clean Install of Windows?

A clean install of a operating system assumes the hard disk is empty. Some preparation is required to preserve and transfer data.

A photorealistic image of a crisp, clear Windows logo on its screen with the international 'no' symbol, a red circle with a diagonal line, overlaid on top of it.

How Do I Uninstall Windows?

After trying the latest version of Windows, you might find that it’s not your cup of tea. What then? Well, it’s not really an “uninstall”… it’s more of a replacement.

Laptop with a speedometer on screen

10 Ways to Make Windows 10 and 11 Faster

Computers slow down for many reasons. I’ll review some of the steps you can take to speed yours up again.

Sonar pattern on a computer monitor.

Where Did This Message Come From?

Process Explorer includes a nifty feature to help you identify any program displaying a window or message box.

Office witrh

Using OneDrive for Nearly Continuous Backup

OneDrive can be used for many things, but one of the most valuable is ongoing online backup.

Over a million files scanned.

Why Are There So Many Files?

Your computer likely has many more files on it than you realize. That’s quite normal.

Busy light.

Why Do I Have Constant Disk Activity in Windows?

Unexplained disk activity is easy to identify with the right tools. We’ll use Process Monitor.

Disk manager highlighting unallocated space.

How Do I Use an “Unallocated Space” Partition?

Unallocated space in a hard disk partition won’t be used. I’ll look at the two common ways to make unallocated space usable.

hiberfile.sys, pagefile.sys, swapfile.sys in Windows File Explorer

What Are Hiberfil.sys, Swapfile.sys, and Pagefile.sys, and How Do I Remove Them?

Hiberfil.sys, pagefile.sys, and swapfile.sys are Windows system files that support two very important features: hibernation and virtual memory.

File In Use message.

How Can I Find Out Who Is Using a “File in Use”?

If Windows or another program reports that a file is in use without telling you what program is using it, Process Explorer can.