A Recent Update Prevents Me from Booting. How Do I Fix It?

Boot differently, in all likelihood.

While I don't have a solution for this specific problem, I do have recommendations for what to do next and how to be prepared for this type of failure.

You can probably guess how I recommend you prepare, but there are several things to consider if you find yourself in this situation.

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Depending on how your computer won't boot, things to try include booting in Safe Mode, booting from a System Recovery Disk, booting from your backup program's emergency disk, or reaching out to your computer manufacturer for more options. The best protection is your ability to restore a previous backup image if the problem is caused by a recent software update.

Dell Support Assist

Dell provides a couple of diagnostic and updating utilities, and Support Assist is one of them. It typically comes pre-installed, though if you visit the self-service support site you'll also be encouraged to download and install it if you don't already have it.

It's a multi-function tool that performs several tasks, often automatically, to keep your system running smoothly.1

I run it periodically on my Dell laptops to update drivers, as you did. In my opinion, it's not only the official way to get driver updates, but next to Windows Update itself, it's the only safe approach to getting driver updates2.

Other manufacturers may have similar updating and maintenance utilities.

Safe Mode

One thing to try right away is to try to boot your computer into Safe Mode. Typically that means holding down F8 while your computer boots, though Windows 10 now uses a different approach.

Assuming you can get into Safe Mode, the first thing to try would be to attempt to restore to a restore point taken prior to the updates. The good news here is that many update utilities begin by creating a restore point, and even though I'm not  a fan, restore points can sometimes recover from these types of scenarios, if you attempt the recovery quickly enough.

Also, being able to boot into Safe Mode confirms that your computer's hardware is unlikely to be at fault.

Recovery disk

Booting from recovery media can allow you run additional diagnostic tools that may help. You can also boot from Windows setup media and choose "Repair" (instead of Install) to access these tools.

If Safe Mode didn't work, you might also try "Startup Repair", since that's exactly where you're having problems.

The manufacturer's support site

My next stop is the support site for the computer manufacturer. That can take either of two forms: direct technical support from the manufacturer, or "peer-to-peer" support from other users.

It depends on the manufacturer, of course, but for most major manufacturers, my experience is that more useful answers often come from other users. You're likely to find others experiencing the same problem you are, and, if you're lucky, how they fixed it. At a minimum, you'll get some confirmation that you're not alone in your experience.

Restore a backup

The next step would be to restore the system to an image backup taken prior to the problem. This actually validates two things:

1. If you can boot from the backup software's emergency disk, that confirms again the hardware is not at fault. In your case, while I suspect a problem related to the video driver update failure, being able to boot into something else lets you know the hardware is OK.
2. If the system resumes working properly after restoring, then you know there was definitely something about the update that caused the problem. You'll want to avoid that specific update in the future.

This presumes, of course, you have an image backup to revert to.

Make a backup

This is totally counter-intuitive, I get that, but if you don't have a backup, you should attempt to make one now. In fact, there's a strong argument that we should have started with this.

The problem is, as you point out, your machine won't boot. The "trick", if you want to call it that, is to boot from your backup software's rescue media; most allow you to create a backup image of the system's hard drive. If you don't have the rescue media handy, you can create it on another machine.

The reason we make a backup at this strange point is simple: our data is only on an unbootable machine. There's no guarantee we can fix the machine without drastic measures (like wiping the hard drive), so best to grab a copy of everything before we proceed.

Bonus: if the rescue media boots, we get the same confirmation as before: the hardware still works.

Next steps

At this point, it may or may not be worth sniffing around for fixes for your particular problem. You may find some instructions somewhere that will help: perhaps a file replacement in Safe Mode, or booting into some kind of Linux Live Distribution will let you manually repair things, assuming you can find trustworthy instructions.

I've seen a lot of people waste a lot of time on this path.

It's up to you, but if I've reached this point, I'm much more likely to reinstall Windows from scratch. Even though it sounds daunting, it's often less work in total than continuing to look for and not find a specific solution.

If everything still fails at this point, it's probably time to take the machine to a technician for more hands-on diagnosis.

Being prepared

Look, stuff happens. It just does. Be it an update failure, as you've experienced, or a sudden, catastrophic hardware failure, or something else entirely, things go wrong. When things go wrong, the failure, or recovery and repair procedures, can result in the loss of whatever is stored on that device.

As you've seen above, as long as the hardware is still working -- as I suspect it is in your case -- restoring an image backup taken prior to the failure allows you to sidestep the issue quickly and relatively painlessly.

If, as I said, you have that backup.

Have the backup. Prepare for failure. It'll save your bacon some day.

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